Multicultural Participation In Olympic Movement Essays -

Multicultural Participation In Olympic Movement Multicultural Participation The goal of the Olympic Movement is to contribute to building a peaceful and better world by educating youth through sport practised without discrimination of any kind and in the Olympic spirit which requires mutual understanding, friendship, solidarity and fair play. Multiculturalism is a policy based on rights and responsibilities, which has been endorsed by Australian governments for managing a unified nation, which is culturally diverse. It is a policy that relies on mutual respect, whereby members of Australia's diverse communities respect each others' differences. Sydney's Bid for the 2000 Olympic Games promoted the city's cultural diversity. In September 1993, SOCOG Board Vice President and Sydney's Lord Mayor, Frank Sartor, was Quoted: A Sydney Games in 2000 could provide the platform for a millennium of multiracial and multicultural harmony. Australian's policy of encouraging the maintenance of cultural diversity in a harmonious society, which was nevertheless united in its patriotism, could be a blueprint for the way the whole world should conduct itself in the next millennium. Australia, whose immigration policy in recent years has encouraged migrants from all over the world, is living proof that harmonious diversity is as achievable as it is desirable. Australia's Multiculturalism ? Australia is considered the most multicultural country in the world. ? Currently there are people from over 160 countries living in Australia. ? Over 70 languages are spoken, not including Aboriginal dialects. ? Forty per cent of the Australian population are migrants or are the children of migrants. ? At 30 June 1995, 23 per cent of the Australian population was born overseas, while 13.7 per cent of Australians were born in non-English speaking countries. Multicultural Affairs Program SOCOG has recognised the significance of the multicultural community to the Sydney 2000 Olympic Games by establishing a Multicultural Affairs program, to support the MAC and to work across SOCOG and the Paralympic Games in implementing policies which embrace all Australians. The Multicultural Affairs Program is responsible for: ? developing an overall multicultural action plan for SOCOG, which has been approved by the SOCOG board. The committee looked across all program areas of SOCOG and the Paralympic Games and developed strategies which will enable the multicultural community to play a vital role; ? consulting with other State and Territory Ethnic Affairs Commissions and their equivalents to ensure appropriate multicultural representation in SOCOG and Paralympic-generated events; ? working with SOCOG's Volunteer Program to ensure that among the volunteer intake there will be representation from the many diverse communities, maximising the various language skills and cultural knowledge that those groups can bear as volunteers; ? arranging a series of multicultural community consultations both in NSW and other States and Territories at which SOCOG will inform and involve all communities; and ? ensuring that SOCOG now conducts regular briefings with Australia's ethnic media organisations. English Essays

New York Essay Example

New York Essay Example New York Essay New York Essay The summer before my junior year in high school, my family and I took a trip to a completely new world. Being from a small town, I had never really been exposed to the elements of a large city such as New York City. My trip there was like discovering an entirely new way of life that I had only heard stories of previously. For about the tenth time the morning of the flight, I checked my room to make sure I didn’t leave anything essential behind. My stomach was doing flips as we arrived at the airport and made our way to the gate.It didn’t get much better than this: I watched through the window as the runway zoomed by and the buildings and houses became smaller and smaller as the plane gained altitude. An exhilarating feeling overcame me as I realized that I would soon be in one of the most amazing cities of the United States. As we stood waiting for a taxi outside of the airport, it was immediately apparent to me that New York City was not the same as New Caney, Texas. It seemed like everyone there was in a hurry to get to another place.The loud and constant sound of cars honking was heard throughout the entire trip. As soon as a car seemed to be going slower than the person behind him liked, he would hear the horn of that car to let him know that he was apparently holding everybody else up! When we found our hotel in Times Square, I noticed that it wasn’t just the cars that were in a hurry. Everyone in the streets was walking at a brisk pace that indicated a rush to be somewhere. The transportation of the city was also far different than anything that I had ever been exposed to.In my little town, a bike, a car, or even walking was perfectly suitable for getting around town, but in this foreign land, there were many more ways for one to get to another destination. Everywhere you looked, there were people hailing taxis, waiting on buses, rushing underground to the subway stations, walking frantically, or desperately trying to maneuver their own cars through the busy streets. Just standing and watching the many people rushing their own separate ways was an interesting observation.In addition to the people and transportation, the buildings were also an incredible sight. Each street was crammed with buildings that were built side by side with no room in between them, and a number of skyscrapers were present throughout the city as well. I was awestruck again as we went inside some of these buildings such as the Empire State Building and made our way towards the top. Standing outside of one of the top stories of the Empire State Building was awesome.I could hold the entire city in my hand from this view. I could even see Ellis Island a distance away from there. The stores were also large compared to the ones of my little town. A small retail store in New Caney would be a huge store that took up an entire building in New York. This would make it seem logical that the prices of everything in New York were almost triple those back home. It was as if the little peaceful neighborhood where I lived was magnified by 100 to make up the wonder city of New York.My visit to New York City was a life changing experience. For the first time in my life, I was exposed to a little taste of what the real world is like. The incredible modes of transportation, the huge skyscrapers, and all of the thousands of people made me anxious to grow up and perhaps move to an incredible city such as this one. Either way, my first trip to New York was one of the most incredible experiences of my life, one I will always treasure.

Authentic Assessment vs. Standardized Testing Research Paper

Authentic Assessment vs. Standardized Testing - Research Paper Example Such simulations can aid the students to process new information by connecting it to prior knowledge of the subject. When instruction is adapted to conform to the theory of multiple intelligences, it naturally follows that assessment should be similarly adapted. However, in most schools, the assessment practices to gauge student progress rely mainly on standardized testing methods that are often inauthentic, and which only reveal whether the student can recognize and recall what has been told to him/her by way of the lesson. Thus, high scores on standardized tests are a measure of how well a student can take the test and not his/her actual working knowledge. Besides, the standardized tests which comprise of multiple choice, fill in the blank, and true/false questions do not actually promote learning as they only evaluate what the student knows at that particular point in time. The standardized tests cannot identify students in need of intervention or help formulate appropriate instru ctional strategies. This form of assessment of student performance, in fact, controls learning. The test scores lead the students to believe that right answers are more important than analysis and approach. About standardized testing methods, Meier (2002) states clearly that, â€Å"†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦.standardized tests are utterly counterproductive for the educational purpose of seeing what kids have learned in school so as to improve education for all† (p.105). Also, according to Meir, standardized tests do not represent the sole evidence of a student’s intellectual growth. Standardized tests follow pre-set criteria that stipulate how, where and by whom the test is to be administered and scored, who else besides the teacher and the student can be present, the way questions are asked, and what responses are acceptable. That is, such a testing controls all the elements involved in the assessment process except the child's responses. Standardized test results are repo rted using standard scores. Gardner (1993) is of the opinion that the most widely used standardized tests of intelligence (e.g., The Wechsler scales and the Stanford-Binet) measure only linguistic and logical/mathematical intelligences whereas the purpose of assessment should be to obtain information about the skills and potentials of individuals. A multidimensional assessment of students based on a broader concept of intelligence, ability, and learning would be more in line with the theory of multiple intelligences. Authentic assessment, also called performance assessment, portfolio assessment, curriculum-embedded instruction, or integrated education is, according to Miesels et al. (2003), â€Å"......an instructional-driven measurement in which students’ actual classroom performance is evaluated in terms of standards-infused criteria†. In this method of assessment, a student is evaluated on a broader concept of intelligence, ability, and learning based on all intelli gences identified by MI including visual, musical, kinesthetic, intrapersonal, interpersonal, and naturalistic abilities in addition to verbal and logical potential. Such an assessment will be formative, providing immediate feedback for learning and teaching,

Forensic Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Forensic - Essay Example The modern world is experiencing more sophisticated criminal activities that use technology to hide the identity. One of the commonly used method in crime propagation is the use of typewritten documents. Printed documents are used for criminal purposes such as communication, threatening, or soliciting ransom. Investigators thus face a dilemma on how to track the suspects. However, locating the machine used in printing or photocopying the documents is critical in narrowing the search area. Several methods are used to identify the machine that printed a particular document. The machines are traced from the unique characteristics of their output. Some of the characteristics include; paper banding due to variations in speeds of toner cartridges, marks from feed system, graphic marks put by specific printers and identification of indentations using Electrostatic Detection Device (EDD). According to Chiang et al. (2004) printer prices have enormously dropped, and almost everyone can afford one. However, the manufacturers of these printing machines lower the quality of the machines to reduce costs of production. Changes are visible in aspects such as plastics gears that move the toner cartridge. The cartridge gears are also never uniform making toners cartridges run at different speeds. Every printer or photocopiers have unique toning pattern as a result of toner morphology and chemical composition (Girard, 2013). Forensic experts are thus able to determine the machine used in printing or photocopying a paper. As noted, the variability in cartridge speeds inhibits accuracy of the toner. The photoconductor is subsequently rotated at different speeds. The situation leads to uneven detection of text or image with certain parts being darker and others lighter. The phenomenon is called banding and is common in printers and photocopiers that use rotation beams.

Transpower Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 3500 words

Transpower - Assignment Example This analysis comes in the wake of an announcement from the New Zealand government, for instance, that there had been an allocation in the amount of $4.6 billion for the upgrading of the national power grid over the course of the next ten years, beginning in 2012, with the key purpose of the investments being the modernization of the grid and the setting up of infrastructure to ready the country for future increases in power consumption and demand. This fund is also earmarked to likewise improve reliability of power supply to consumers, both industrial and residential. On the other hand, the investment plan also takes a shot at the current state of generation and transmission in New Zealand, where generation facilities are centralized, and necessitate the kind of transmission infrastructure investments that could be limited and reduced by investing more in distributed generation moving forward. The idea is that transmission investments are not etched in stone as necessary, if generat ion is distributed, and if such facilities are located close to the demand. Where this becomes a reality, then there is a reduced need to build large generation facilities and the necessary transmission infrastructure needed to pipe the power to the consumers (Sustainable Energy Association, 2012). II. Transmission Upgrade Projects Are On-going and Massive The investment in additional grid infrastructure, in particular new transmission lines capabilities/capacities on top of the existing infrastructure, or as an addition to that, has been on-going, with the total capital outlay for those projects slated at $5 billion over the next ten years, as estimated by Transpower itself, and broken down into a number of key infrastructure projects, some on-going, and with varying completion dates. The key projects are said to be one, the upgrading of the transmission grid in the North Island, which is intended to erect a new link for transmitting power between Auckland and Whakamaru; two, upgra ding of the transmission link between Northland and North Auckland, which entails putting up a 220 kV infrastructure link as well as two substations; three, the replacement of the pole used to link different islands in New Zealand via HVDC, specifically Pole 1; and four, the erection of a new transmission infrastructure between Whakamaru and Wairakei, that will be double-circuited (Transpower, 2012). The upgrading of the whole grid in the North Island is said to be among the largest of the current crop of on-going projects, with project completion slated in 2012, and

Type 2 Diabetes And Effects Of Exercise Physical Education Essay

Type 2 Diabetes And Effects Of Exercise Physical Education Essay There are two types of diabetes that normally affects people. The first one is type 1 diabetes and is the most common especially among the young generation. This is caused by inability of the body to produce enough insulin. The second one is type 2 diabetes which is the main focus of this research paper, and is most prevalent among the older population. However in the recent past, more cases are being recorded for type 2 diabetes among the young -adolescents. It is characterized by not only lack of enough insulin production, but also insulin resistance. The risk of developing type 2 diabetes in the adolescents has been further increased by the changing lifestyles. In the recent years, there has been a significant rise in consumption of fast foods. This has led to prevalence of obesity and thus the body requires higher amounts of insulin in offsetting the body demands for complete use of food for energy. However, more complications have resulted due to decreased physical activities. In this era of Information technology, people have retreated to playing internet games and watching television as their means of spending time unlike in the past. Hence, the rapidly changing lifestyle to physical inactivity counts a lot. Mag (2000). states that insulin resistance may also be induced by natural phenomenon such as pregnancy. Mostly type 2 diabetic patients are not treated by exogenous administration of insulin as it is mostly caused by obesity and physical inactivity. Although the genetic factor of the family counts, it counts to a little percentage. NAME states that eight percent of type 2 diabetic patients are obese land the disease may prevail for a long time without being noticed. For instance, Mag (2000) notes that in a study conducted by Mokdad from 1991to 1998 in the U.S., reported cases of obesity had gradually increased regardless of gender, race, sex, level of education, age, and the smoking of individuals. It was further found out that the percentage rate of increase in the same period ranged from 12.0% to 17.9%. Type 2 diabetes and exercise Consequently, the hyperglycemic conditions of type 2 diabetes bring about micro- and macro- vascular complications especially to key organs of the body -kidneys, eyes and heart. Persons with type 2 diabetes are more predisposed in developing cardiovascular diseases than those without. They mostly posses quite number of cardiovascular diseases risk factors and such include, hypertension, and dyslipidaemia (-increased serum triglycerides and low contents of high density lipoprotein). However, a lot of regular exercises have been found to significantly reduce the risk for developing cardiovascular diseases through physiological and metabolic mechanisms (Mag, 2000).The health benefits accumulate proportionally to the intensity of the physical activity. NAME states that a remarkable dose-response relationship between the intensity of exercise and the improvements in the risk factors of cardiac diseases. Physical Exercises in the Prevention of Type 2 Diabetes to in persons at risk Appropriate life interventions -physical activity and weigh loss- can possibly prevent and / or delay development of type 2 diabetes. Mag (2000) documents that certain life intervention study which was carried out on type 2 diabetes risk group. The life intervention program consisted of a weekly physical activity of at least 150 minutes and 7% loss in body weight. At the end of the study, the incidence of developing diabetes was found to decrease by at least 58% regardless of gender, race and age group. Besides, the study group demonstrated a significant decrease in glycosalated hemoglobin and they also found that during the three year treat period, one in every seven persons was prevented from developing the disease and its complications. Physical exercises and Insulin Resistance Regular physical activities have been found to have long term effects on the insulin sensitivity of the in a diabetic person. They improves and brings to normal levels both the insulin response and sensitivity for normal glucose utility in the body. Physical exercises compel the body to use excess glucose for muscular activity. These results in reduced plasma glucose levels and the conditions may prevail for a certain period of time if the physical exercises are continual. It has been found that sufficient time as well as intensity of the physical activities leads to prevention and/ or correction of physiological and biochemical changes of the body that is mostly common in sedentary life. Physical activities deplete the body of its excess glycogen stores and thus increase insulin sensitivity. It does so by compensating the amounts of lost glycogen during the muscular activities. Therefore type 2 diabetic patients improve drastically the metabolic activity of their bodies (Ivy, 1997). According to Henriksen (2002) both acute and continual physical activities leads to improvement of insulin-initiated glucose metabolism especially in type 2 diabetic patients. Further studies by Segal et al. (1991) shows that constant exercise of can largely improve body metabolic activity in spite of weight reduction as earlier stated. Zierath and Henriksson H (1992) states that these recorded improvements in metabolic activity can be attributed to a decreased rate in peripheral insulin resistance and/or increased insulin sensitivity that accompany physical exercises. In addition to physical activity, it has been observed that persons who maintain lean muscle and fat mass, experiences an increase in insulin resistance. Regular physical activities, in terms of time and intensity, results in reduced basal and glucose initiated insulin concentration in the circulatory system. Further, 26 states that there are significant increases in insulin-stimulated glucose consumption rates upon physical training. Exercise and Dyslipidaemia Continual physical activities are normally associated with remarkable effects on glucose control, contents of blood lipids, and functions of the heart and lung. Zierath and Henriksson H (1992) in thair work found that the effects of physical exercises draw a parallel with age of a person, whereas levels of lipid in the blood are dependent upon the body weight. Thompson et al. (quoted by Mag, 2000) documented that following sufficient physical exercise, triglyceride levels reduces within 18-24 hours and this condition is steady to induction of changes in metabolic activity which may persist for up to three days. Besides, they also found physical exercises to drastically increase the High Density Lipoprotein cholesterol levels. Thus, this parallel increase in High Density Cholesterol versus a reduction in triglyceride levels can be interlinked to the same metabolic activity. Mag, 2000 states that Low Density Lipoprotein levels decreases by at least 5-8% in persons with high level chole sterol content after physical exercises. Physical Exercises and Endothelial Dysfunction Research study has found out that to significantly decrease cardiovascular risk factors especially in type 2 diabetic patients. 17 in his research study on type 1 and type 2 diabetic patients found out that physical exercises rectifies metabolism besides the endothelial dysfunction factors such as thrombomodulin, vWF and PAI-1. Therefore it is possible that improvements in endothelial dysfunction factors may be correlated to the protection accorded by physical exercises on the endothelium. Stewart (2002) writes that the coexistence of type 2 diabetes and high blood pressure is particularly damaging to the soundness of the vascular system. He states that most of the studies on the effects of physical exercises have been concentrated on reduction of regulation of glucose content and hypertension. Thus he further states that there is little known about the impact of physical exercises on cardiovascular consequences of type 2 diabetes 0on and hypertension. In the documented work of Stewart (2000), it is stated that, Type 2 diabetes and hypertension result in abnormalities in central and peripheral parameters of cardiovascular structure and function. Evidence for an exercise training benefit is strongest for improvements in endothelial vasodilator function and left ventricular diastolic function. The data for exercise trainings improvement of arterial stiffness and system inflammation and reduction of left ventricular mass are less robust. However, this assertion is based more on a lack of randomized controlled trials rather than data to the contrary. Exercise training also reduces total and abdominal fat. These changes in body composition mediate improvements in insulin sensitivity and blood pressure and may improve endothelial vasodilator function. The current evidence, albeit not fully confirmed in randomized trials, suggests that the benefits of exercise training go beyond the recognized benefits of glycemic control and blood pressure reduction. Therefore, with the current trend of type 2 diabetes, it is imperative to stress the need of physically active lifestyle although it is a big challenge with advancement of technology. Programs of physical activity can be successfully implemented in school programs and at home especially for children/adolescents (Carrier L Herbert L, 2004).

The Character of Iago in Shakespeares Othello Essay -- GCSE Coursewor

The Character of Iago in Othello   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   In the play Othello, the character Iago plays a paramount role in the destruction of Othello and all of those around him.   Some critics state that Iago's actions are motiveless and that he is a purely evil character.   However, during the course of this paper, certain motives for Iago's actions will be discussed.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   For the first motive to be understood the reader must become knowledgeable of Othello's heritage and the setting of the play.   Othello is a Moslem from North Africa.   He is living in Venice.   He is the leader of the Venetian forces.   Anthony Burgess, a Shakespearean critic, believes that Othello's color has nothing to do with Iago's actions.      "Othello's color had no connotations of the enslavable inferiority.   There were many great Negroes in those days like that Antonio de Vunth, who was King of Congo's ambassador to the Holy See."(Shakespeare, pp.200)      Ã‚  Ã‚   There may have been many great Negroes around in those days but there were none in Venice.   Othello was the only member of his race in Venice.   Many of the people who lived in Venice had never seen a Moor.   To the people of Venice, Moors were different and feared, they were seen as an evil spirit.   Some people thought that they were witches or devils that walked the earth.   Included in a text written by Stephen Greenblatt, Roderigo and Barbanizo believed that "Othello used magic to win Desdemona."(Norton Shakespeare, pp. 2091).   You also see many references in the play where a character will refer to Othello as being a devil or beast.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   It was no secret to the reader of the play that Iago possessed a hatred for Othello.   In fact, in act one of the plays the reader s... ...nced by motives and he was not just evil.   There must be motive to spark evil and in Iago's case the fact that he was losing what seemed to be respect and accountability from the people of Venice and his friends, drove him to hate.    Works Cited and Consulted Bayley, John. Shakespeare and Tragedy. Boston: Routledge & Kegan Paul Ltd., 1981. Bradley, A. C.. Shakespearean Tragedy. New York: Penguin, 1991. Campbell, Lily B. Shakespeare's Tragic Heroes. New York: Barnes and Noble, Inc., 1970. Di Yanni, Robert. "Character Revealed Through Dialogue." Readings on The Tragedies. Ed. Clarice Swisher. San Diego: Greenhaven Press, 1996. Reprint from Literature. N. p.: Random House, 1986. Shakespeare, William. Othello. In The Electric Shakespeare. Princeton University. 1996. http://www.eiu.edu/~multilit/studyabroad/othello/othello_all.html No line nos.